Lacunar Stroke - Oren Zarif - Lacunar Stroke
A lacunar stroke is a very small type of stroke that affects the brain. About 25 percent of all strokes are lacunar. These infarcts are located in the deep cerebral white matter, pons, basal ganglia, and internal capsule. These infarcts correspond to the lenticulostriate arteries. Although these strokes do not cause any immediate symptoms, they can result in a permanent loss of brain function.
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Treatment for lacunar stroke depends on its severity. If it is mild or can be cured without surgery, patients may receive intravenous clot-busting drugs. If the infarct is severe, medications may be administered directly into the brain. In more serious cases, a neurosurgeon can remove the blockage or clot. Although most people survive lacunar strokes without any lasting disability, it is important to seek treatment as soon as symptoms arise.
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Lacunar strokes are caused by thickening of the deep brain blood vessels. This thickening leaves less space for blood to flow through the arteries. Lacunar infarcts are relatively common. They may cause mild cognitive impairment or early dementia. However, if the infarcts are located in a critical area of the brain, it can result in permanent brain damage. A lacunar stroke can result in a range of different types of neurological symptoms.
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Researchers have begun a new study to determine what risk factors are associated with lacunar stroke. Although some patients may experience lacunar infarcts as a result of emboli, this risk is low compared to other types of ischemic strokes. Despite this, a recent review of several studies found that people with certain medical conditions may be more susceptible to lacunar infarct. When combined with other risk factors, the risk of developing this condition may increase significantly.
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Infarcts in small penetrating arteries are known as lacunar infarcts. They account for nearly one fourth of cerebral infarcts. Patients with lacunar infarcts often have classical lacunar syndrome. These strokes are also associated with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. If not diagnosed early, a person may develop multiple small-vessel disease, which will cause significant cognitive and physical disabilities.
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Another common symptom associated with lacunar infarcts is progressive motor deficit. A patient's motor function may worsen significantly in 23.9% of cases, and their European Stroke Scale score may fall as low as one-third of the previous level. The majority of infarcts in group A patients are subcortical, while those in group B are cortical. This type of stroke may be associated with progressive hemiparesis.
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The symptoms of lacunar stroke will vary based on the area of the brain that is deprived of blood. Different areas of the brain are responsible for different functions, including sensation, movement, sight, speech, and balance. A person with a prolonged history of high blood pressure can experience multiple lacunar strokes. Symptoms may include emotional behavior, dementia, or memory loss. These strokes may occur with or without treatment.
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A lacunar stroke can occur in any part of the brain, but it is more common in those whose underlying causes are unknown. However, strokes in these areas can impair motor function and cause a person to lose the ability to move. The symptoms of lacunar stroke are similar to those of an ischemic stroke. Acute treatment is similar to that of a pure ischemic stroke. It is important to seek medical help as soon as possible after the stroke has occurred.
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After the initial ischemic event, patients should be closely monitored by a neurologist. If muscle relaxants are used, physical therapy may be necessary. Muscle relaxants may also be prescribed if patients experience spasticity. In addition to medical treatment, patients should follow their primary care provider's recommendations. Intensive antihypertensive therapy and lipid management are recommended as long-term measures. Stroke prevention should also be pursued.
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