What You Need to Know About Embolic Stroke - Oren Zarif - Embolic Stroke

Embolic strokes are vascular emergencies where blood clots travel to the brain, blocking blood flow. The blood clot is typically caused by an abnormal heart rhythm, causing blood to pool in the upper chambers of the heart. These strokes are life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. Medications and catheters may be used to restore blood flow. Here's what you need to know about this condition.

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Symptoms of an embolic stroke are difficult to distinguish from those caused by in situ thrombosis on stenotic lesions, and they depend on the part of the brain affected. These symptoms are often the first indication to call for an ambulance. However, embolic stroke is a complex disease, and its diagnosis requires specific diagnostic strategies. Echocardiography can quickly provide this information. This procedure can also identify the major sources of embolic stroke.

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Studies have shown that an ESUS lesion is similar to that of a heart embolism. It involves both left and right bilateral circulation and anterior and posterior circulation. It may also be smaller than a classic cardiogenic embolism. Both ESUS-defined patients have low rates of second strokes, and the severity of neurological impairment is less severe than that of a cardiogenic embolism. Although this is not conclusive evidence for the existence of a difference between these two stroke types, a more complete understanding of their respective risk factors and potential therapies is necessary.

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Several methods of preventing embolic strokes have been developed over the years. Among them are arterial delivery of pre-formed macroemboli, local thrombin injection, and rose bengal-based photothrombosis. In neonates, the risk of microbleeds is five times higher than in adults. Additionally, more than one third of neonates experience microbleeds in the subacute phase, whereas the rate is less than 10% in adults.

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Although cryptogenic strokes represent 20% of all strokes, these events are rare. This new terminology will unify the study of these strokes by excluding certain causes and increasing the chance of successful randomized trials in this group. The rate of recurrence in patients treated with ESUS is 5%. This rate is based on the location of the infarct in the cerebral circulation. This study will help researchers further understand the pathophysiology of these strokes.

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In this study, a randomized controlled trial, called NAVIGATE-ESUS, compared direct oral anticoagulants with antiplatelets. The trial was conducted by a team of physicians from different specialties. Researchers at the university of Toronto (Canada) and the Mayo Clinic in New York City reported that patients who received the drugs were more likely to have fewer recurrences. Overall, NAVIGATE-ESUS was a promising outcome, and researchers are hopeful that it will ultimately help the patients who suffered from embolic stroke.

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Embolic stroke is a type of ischemic stroke that does not have a known source. It can occur from multiple causes, including thromboembolic events, PFO, or carotid artery stenosis. To diagnose embolic stroke, a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is needed. The underlying cause must be excluded, and some cases may be straightforward because of few comorbidities.

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People with embolic stroke may have difficulty moving limbs and performing simple manipulations. The symptoms of this type of stroke depend on the area of the brain affected. If you suspect you may be suffering from this type of stroke, call 911 immediately and seek medical attention. The sooner you seek medical attention, the better your chances of a full recovery. If you or someone you know has had an embolic stroke, remember that recovery is possible.