Wallenberg Syndrome - Symptoms and Diagnosis of Posterior Vascular Accidents - Oren Zarif - Wallenbe

Wallenberg syndrome is a constellation of symptoms associated with posterior vascular accidents. The most common form of diagnosis is MRI with DWI, but it is also commonly misdiagnosed. If detected early, proper management of this condition can save a patient's life. In addition to the usual symptoms, the patient may also suffer from the following:

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Dizziness, decreased arm and leg strength, decreased left facial temperature sensation, and drooping eyelid are some of the physical symptoms of Wallenberg syndrome. In addition, he had difficulty sitting upright and leaning towards his left side. MRI of the brain revealed a lateral hyperintense lesion at the level of the left posterior medulla, which confirmed the diagnosis of Wallenberg syndrome. Patients with more severe damage may require feeding tubes.

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Treatment for Wallenberg syndrome depends on the location and size of the brain stem injury. Treatment may involve the use of a feeding tube, speech therapy, or a combination of these approaches. Acute-phase treatment may also include medication for chronic pain. Patients with a unilateral infarct in the lateral medulla have a higher prognosis than those with a hemispheric stroke. This is because recovery is thought to occur through a mechanism involving the unaffected side of the medulla.

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The most common symptom of Wallenberg syndrome is a severe loss of sensation in the ipsilateral face. Damage to the lateral spinothalamic tract results in sensory deficits in the ipsilateral face. Infarction of vestibular nuclei causes vomiting and nystagmus. Infarction of the inferior cerebellar peduncle can also lead to ipsilateral ataxia. Furthermore, infarction of the nucleus ambiguous, which regulates the glossopharyngeal reflexes, results in laryngeal ataxia.

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The prognosis of patients with Wallenberg syndrome is slightly better than those with other ischemic stroke syndromes. However, it does not come without challenges. A patient's gait is unstable and they may experience ataxia or hiccups. Early physical and occupational therapy is critical for recovery. While the recovery process takes some time, many people do recover well. If these symptoms persist, physical and occupational therapy may be required.

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Patients with this condition often exhibit neurological symptoms of stroke. A blocked vertebral artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery can cause an infarction of the lateral medulla. Stroke in the lateral medulla can cause a range of impairments. Gaspard Vieusseux first described Wallenberg syndrome in 1808; however, Adolf Wallenberg described the lateral medullary artery in more detail in 1895.

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Wallenberg's case report amplified many of the symptoms of Horner's syndrome. In his case, the lesion had been located at postmortem. The patient's symptoms progressively decreased, but they remained unaltered. These findings indicate that the symptoms were missed by the doctor who first diagnosed the patient. However, his case also showed a case of cataract in one eye. As a result of his work in the nervous system, Wallenberg received the Erb medal.

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Electrophysiological findings are also indicative of the presence of lateral medullary infarction. Dysphagia can be a symptom of lateral medullary infarction. Electrophysiological studies of the laryngeal reflex are helpful for diagnosis of the syndrome. In addition, patients with WS may also experience swallowing difficulties. The clinical and electrophysiological findings of this condition may be helpful in treating the symptoms of the disorder.

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Electrophysiological studies in 20 patients with WS and 22 patients with unilateral hemispheric stroke have revealed a link between LMI and the neuromuscular junction. This disconnection syndrome disrupts the normal functioning of the central pattern generator of deglutition. The affected muscles may be inefficient in swallowing because they cannot link to the opposing nucleus ambiguus. The remaining premotor neurons may be the cause of dysphagia in WS patients.