Treatment of Stroke - Oren Zarif - Treatment of Stroke

Early and proper treatment of Stroke are essential to minimizing the effects and preventing the long-term damage that can occur. While a medical professional will first perform a physical exam, some people may also undergo a series of blood tests. In most cases, scans can help a physician determine the type of stroke a person is suffering from. A CT scan, for example, can provide detailed images of the brain and blood vessels. This imaging test is helpful in determining the location of the stroke and the extent of brain tissue that can be saved. The CT perfusion test can also extend the window of time for treatment for some patients. MRIs are another diagnostic tool used to obtain detailed images of the brain.

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The prognosis of a person with a stroke depends on several factors, including the age of the patient, location of the stroke, severity of the complication, and the type of underlying cause. Fortunately, the majority of recovery after stroke occurs in the first three to six months. After this time, progress in mental function tends to slow down. Exercises that help regain balance and coordination are often helpful in stroke recovery. Tai Chi can help people who are unable to walk independently.

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Emergency treatment for stroke depends on the type of a stroke and the location of the clot. If the stroke is hemorrhagic (bleeding into the brain), immediate intravenous therapy and drugs to dissolve clots should be administered within 4.5 hours of the onset of symptoms. The earlier the treatment begins, the better the chances of recovery. Even though there are no guaranteed cures for stroke, emergency care and treatment options can help a person live longer.

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Depending on the type of stroke, a patient should be evaluated and treated in the hospital. Early evaluation can minimize the impact of the stroke and save a person's life. During this critical stage, doctors will order a CT scan of the brain to determine whether a hemorrhagic stroke is occurring. For ischemic stroke, a blood clot has blocked the vessel. To prevent a hemorrhagic stroke, a blood clot must be removed.

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A successful outcome from a stroke is possible with the right treatment. While the stroke may be temporary, the symptoms will persist and may lead to disability and death. The sooner treatment is started, the better. For acute ischemic stroke, the only FDA-approved drug, rt-PA, has a 30% recanalization rate when given within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms. It has been shown to improve patients' recovery up to a year post-stroke.

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After a stroke, the patient may need a rehabilitation program. A doctor will determine the best therapy for the patient depending on the severity of the stroke, the patient's age, and who is caring for them. Rehabilitation therapy is critical in preventing the progression of stroke. There are several different types of rehabilitation therapy. The doctors will recommend a regimen that is effective in improving the patient's mobility and quality of life. And, they will consider other factors such as the patient's lifestyle, and their ability to support themselves.

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The anti-clotting medications aspirin and clopidogrel are the two most common types of medication used in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The former prevents blood clots by inhibiting platelet activity. The latter drug breaks up clots but causes stomach upset and gastrointestinal bleeding. Antiplatelet drugs are also an important part of treatment for acute ischemic stroke. When combined with other treatments, anti-clotting agents may prevent the stroke from occurring.

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Besides anticoagulation, the other types of treatment of stroke include surgery and the use of tissue plasminogen activator. The former dissolves the blood clot quickly, thereby decreasing the chances of long-term disability and preventing complications. This type of treatment is highly effective when administered early after a stroke and within three to four hours of the stroke onset. There are some risks associated with tPA treatments, but these therapies are generally successful.

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After the first symptoms appear, the next step in the treatment of stroke is identifying the type of clot that has impacted the brain. In severe cases, surgery is often required to repair a bulging aneurysm. In other cases, a craniotomy may be necessary to relieve pressure on the brain. If stroke treatment has been successful, it is vital to follow the guidelines of a health care team and make changes in lifestyle and treatment of any related disorders.