Transient Ischemic Attack - Oren Zarif - Transient Ischemic Attack
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is an episode of neurological dysfunction caused by focal ischemia of the retina or brain that lasts for less than an hour. The symptoms usually resolve without medical intervention and do not cause permanent disability. TIAs are also important warning signs of an underlying heart disease or stroke. The symptoms of TIAs are often not immediately apparent. Patients may not realize that they are suffering from a heart condition until symptoms persist for several hours.
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Although TIAs are not dangerous, they can be frightening and need prompt medical attention. Though they don't cause permanent damage, they are an important warning sign of a full stroke and should be treated as such. Treatment may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgery, depending on the severity of the symptoms. The symptoms of a TIA are similar to those of a car clogged with gasoline. The sooner a TIA is treated, the more likely the patient will recover.
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Recent scientific studies have revised our understanding of transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke risk, and TIA evaluation and management. These advances have prompted this statement, which reviews and synthesizes new information that aids in the care of patients with TIAs. This activity emphasizes the importance of interprofessional team-based care for patients with TIA. In addition to a comprehensive review of the literature, the authors highlight the role of the interprofessional team in the diagnosis and treatment of TIA.
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TIAs are often mistaken for strokes, but they are not. They are caused by a temporary blockage of an artery that carries oxygenated blood to the brain. In most cases, this blood clot breaks up quickly, so that only a small portion of brain is without oxygen for a brief period of time. TIA symptoms include slurred speech, weakness of the face, and vision loss. Fortunately, symptoms of transient ischemic attack disappear within an hour.
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The new definition of TIA is more definitive than before. It is tissue-based, similar to the diagnosis of cancer and myocardial infarction. Histological diagnosis of brain infarction requires a thorough diagnostic workup. The extent of this work will depend on the available resources in your hospital. The specific criteria will be determined based on all the available information. In the meantime, imaging studies will remain a vital part of the diagnosis process.