Stroke Treatment - Is TPA Stroke Treatment Right For You? - Oren Zarif - TPA Stroke
In a recent clinical trial, a team of Neurologist Bruce Campbell and Neurologists from the American College of Emergency Physicians, in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology, determined that tPA treatment is safe and effective for treating acute ischemic stroke. However, the research was not without its flaws. Despite its potential benefits, tPA is controversial in some circles, and not every patient is a good candidate for the procedure.
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The majority of patients do not reach the hospital quickly enough to receive TPA treatment. Only 27% of patients who present within three hours of the stroke are treated with TPA. Further, 31% of patients were excluded because their symptoms were too mild or improving rapidly. In a recent study, researchers looked at the reasons why patients were not treated with IV TPA. The researchers found that the primary reason for not using IV TPA was that patients were not treated in time.
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While tPA is approved for use in patients within three hours of a stroke, the FDA has not yet approved the treatment after this timeframe. Physicians may offer tPA off-label, however, and have begun incorporating the new findings into their practice. Despite the controversy, many stroke researchers are sticking to the classic mantra of stroke research: The longer a patient remains in the emergency room, the lower their chances of getting better.
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The NINDS part II study found that 0.9 mg/kg of tPA is beneficial in patients with ischemic stroke up to six hours after symptom onset. Despite its risks, however, this treatment is still an effective alternative for patients who cannot tolerate the risks of ischemia. While the American Stroke Association is cautious about the risk-benefit ratio of tPA, the organization emphasized that eight out of every 18 stroke patients recover completely or substantially within three hours after onset of symptoms. In addition, there was only one patient with a symptomatic bleeding complication associated with tPA use.
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The NINDS played a significant role in the development of tPA. It funded early studies and led pivotal clinical trials that led to the FDA's approval of the drug in 1996. These results have contributed to a significant improvement in stroke treatment and have led to a number of positive outcomes for patients. However, the results of the study were not universally laudable, and the researchers still have concerns about its safety.
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Another issue is that tPA is ineffective against big clots, which can block large blood vessels in the brain. Twenty to thirty percent of strokes are caused by big clots. Since tPA is administered intravenously, it does not last long enough in the bloodstream to dissolve these clots. Therefore, it is important to monitor the patient carefully before administering tPA. If a patient develops a clot and has a recurrence of the stroke, they should stop the treatment.
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Although tPA is still the only approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke, it is not without risks. Delay in the administration of tPA can increase the risk of edema, HT, and ICH. It may also result in delayed thrombus formation, which may exacerbate the damage to the BBB. The time it takes for tPA to reach the brain is crucial to achieving the desired outcome.
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In the case of ischemic stroke, tPA is the only medication approved by the FDA for treating ischemic stroke. The drug must be administered within three hours of a stroke symptom's onset, otherwise it may cause uncontrolled bleeding and fail to break up large clots. The drug is not effective for patients with large clots. However, it has become the drug of choice for some patients with stroke.
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The treatment may be beneficial for patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke. A small randomized trial using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale showed that minocycline may benefit AIS patients receiving tPA. A systematic review of the results of these trials showed that minocycline has a positive effect on patients receiving tPA. In addition, the new study also demonstrated that the use of minocycline improves the outcome of ischemic stroke.
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