Neuroprotective Agents for Cerebral Stroke - Oren Zarif - Cerebral Stroke

Neuroprotective agents for cerebral stroke are promising new treatments for the disease. These agents extend the time available for the brain to re-establish blood flow, protect the surrounding tissue, and improve long-term functional outcomes. The goal of the NIH Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network is to determine whether an add-on treatment improves the patient's outcome. Although the NINDS has no official position on these drugs, its information is provided for educational purposes.

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During acute ischemic damage, brain cells die. Eventually, the brain suffers permanent damage from a lack of nutrients and oxygen. This damage can last for hours or even days. Large ischemic strokes can cause the head to swell to dangerous levels. The sooner the stroke is treated, the better the chances of saving viable tissue. If reperfusion occurs after several hours, more cells will die. Therefore, it is vital to seek immediate medical attention and rehabilitation.

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Rehabilitation for the patient following a cerebral stroke consists of various forms of physical therapy. Physical therapists use training exercises to help patients relearn basic motor movements and switch movements. The goal of these exercises is to regain movement, balance, and coordination. Those with severe impairments may be unable to walk or use the bathroom. In severe cases, people may have problems swallowing. But rehabilitation for the stroke patient is essential to improving the quality of life for everyone.

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Research focuses on reducing disparities in the risk of stroke. For example, African Americans have twice the risk of stroke as Caucasians do. Asian/Pacific Islanders have higher risk of stroke than Caucasians. Furthermore, people with a family history of stroke have a 25-40 percent chance of having another stroke within five years. Research will ultimately help determine the best ways to improve the odds of stroke in a diverse U.S. population.

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The main branches of the internal carotid arteries carry blood to the brain. These include the MCA, which is the largest of the three. Blood flow to the brain is essential to keep brain cells alive. A blocked MCA stroke may lead to permanent damage to brain cells. However, the vast majority of patients recover some function. There are many different types of treatment available for this disease. The recovery process may be lengthy depending on the type of treatment.

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In addition to antithrombotic interventions, doctors can also try noninvasive techniques to restore blood flow to the brain. One such technique is perfusion imaging. A standard contrast agent helps doctors visualize the blood flow maps of the brain. This helps determine which brain regions have blood flow and which are damaged. This technique is funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).

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Scientists are trying to find ways to improve the quality of life for people suffering from cerebral stroke. Their goal is to improve treatment, reduce the risk of recurrence, and restore basic functions after the stroke. In the meantime, NINDS scientists are experimenting with neuroprotective agents to better help the victims of cerebral stroke. If they succeed, patients can regain many of the abilities they once had. And with the help of these new treatments, people with stroke can be better equipped to take care of themselves.

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Although cerebellar stroke is rare, it can be life-threatening. Cerebellar stroke patients can regain partial sight. Through speech therapy and cognitive exercises, these patients can engage in daily activities. This may be a necessary part of their recovery. The goal of occupational therapy is to help people regain basic skills after cerebellar stroke. This includes the ability to move the arms and legs. It also involves the ability to walk, talk, and understand language.

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Recent studies suggest that cortical reorganization in the hemisphere opposite to the infarcted hemisphere may be the pathogenesis of ipsilateral motor impairment. However, the unaffected hemisphere may compensate for this by compensating for the lost motor function. And in some cases, ipsilateral motor impairment is a sign of a stroke - a sign of an underlying condition that can lead to permanent paralysis.

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Researchers at NINDS have a long history of developing medications for the treatment of stroke. One of these drugs, t-PA, was approved for acute stroke treatment and significantly improved patient outcomes. However, this drug is currently only approved for intravenous use in the first four and a half hours after a stroke. Moreover, the therapeutic window is very narrow and the drug is associated with multiple contra-indications. Also, it is associated with an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and requires sophisticated pre-treatment imaging.