Lacunar Stroke - Oren Zarif - Lacunar

The term "lacune" was first used in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but only in the 21st century was its true meaning determined with the help of new imaging technology. A lacune, or small cavity, is typically the healed phase of a lacunar infarction. In some cases, however, a lacune may represent the unhealed phase of an intracerebral hemorrhage.

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Treatment options for lacunar stroke vary greatly. In severe cases, you may receive intravenous clot-busting medications. Your doctor may also perform a neurosurgical procedure to remove the blockage or clot from the brain. While the symptoms of a lacunar stroke are often short-lived and may improve on their own, some brain damage is permanent. Fortunately, the symptoms can often be controlled with medicines designed to restore blood circulation.

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A CT scan can take detailed images of your brain, including all of the major arteries. However, lacunar stroke is rare enough that CT scans may not show it up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a more accurate way to diagnose a lacunar stroke. Another test, CT angiography, can detect blockages in your blood vessels. A CT angiography can also check the health of blood vessels in your brain.

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The symptoms of a lacunar stroke depend on the specific area of the brain affected. There are five types of lacunar stroke, and they are classified according to the area of damage. In most cases, the symptoms of lacunar stroke correspond to the areas of the body affected. For example, a lacunar stroke resulting in a pure motor stroke can result in hemiparesis, meaning weakness of the right or left side of the body.

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While some lacunes result from emboli, the proportion of patients who experience these strokes is relatively low. Although there is no definitive reason as to why lacunes occur, there are clear clinical and epidemiologic reasons to separate the two conditions. There is no clear consensus regarding the cause of lacunes, but further studies will be needed to confirm the hypothesis. However, in the meantime, this study shows the importance of MRI imaging. It is a good starting point for researchers who wish to study lacunes.

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Although a lacunar stroke is not physically disabling, it can negatively affect cognitive function. It may lead to depression, mood disorders, and balance problems. This condition is not fatal, but it is often associated with cognitive decline and may require treatment with different cognitive tests. Because of this, Professor Wardlaw is collaborating with researchers to standardize neuroimaging procedures. Using an international database of lacunar stroke cases may help to solve these problems.

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People with a family history of stroke have an increased risk of developing lacunar infarcts. Another factor is age, as lacunar strokes occur more frequently in older people. Although younger people do not experience symptoms, those with other strokes are less likely to have any lasting disability afterward. A patient with diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and high cholesterol are at risk of developing a lacunar infarct.

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Among all the cases of lacunar infarct, ten percent were caused by spontaneous subdural haemorrhage, and nine percent by primary intracerebral haemorrhage. Despite the increased risk of lacunar infarcts, most patients develop a complication that is related to the initial cause of stroke - thrombo-embolic occlusion of the perforating arteries. The risk for this condition may vary depending on location.

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In this study, 68 patients had new lacunar infarcts, and 38 had new infarcts in the basal ganglia. The rate of new lacunar infarcts was similar to that of the general population, but the frequency was higher in the elderly. Other risk factors that may lead to vascular disease include smoking, obesity, and low physical activity. This study also suggests a possible association between age, smoking, and white matter hyperintensity volume.

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In the same way that cortical infarcts and white matter hyperintensities are a hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease, lacunar infarcts and periventricular lesions are the most common. They are small in size and are present in deep white matter or subcortical areas. Furthermore, they correspond to the lenticulostriate arteries. Therefore, the diagnosis of lacunar stroke depends on the location and severity of the infarct.

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Acute, fatal lacunar stroke is rare and the patient may die many hours after the onset of the symptomatic phase. Sadly, autopsy materials for these cases are scanty and in some cases even incomplete, because the patient's death occurred a long time after the stroke began. Because lacunar infarctions can only be diagnosed clinically, studies of the disease's risk factors have relied on clinical diagnosis.