Lacunar Infract - Oren Zarif - Lacunar Infarct

A lacunar infract is a type of stroke that affects the small subcortical vessels in the brain. It is caused by the occlusion of a penetrating artery deep in the brain. The resulting stroke can have a wide range of symptoms. In some patients, the stroke may be mild or large, depending on its location. A lacunar infract may have a large ischemic area or be inconspicuous in its location.

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This type of stroke may occur in people with a family history of stroke. While there is no known cause for lacunar infracts, individuals with a history of stroke are more likely to develop one. Annual physical exams can screen for health issues that increase a person's risk of a stroke, such as high cholesterol and obstructive sleep apnea. Any type of stroke requires emergency treatment.

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Supportive measures include medications to help breathing and heart function. Medications that dissolve clots are often given to patients who have experienced a lacunar infract. Anticoagulant medications can be given directly to the blockage in the brain, or antiplatelet medication can be taken orally. Patients may also undergo physiotherapy to regain lost abilities. If treatment is unsuccessful, the next step is a comprehensive neurological exam.

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A lacunar infract is a subcortical stroke that affects the brain. The occlusion of a penetrating cerebral artery causes the infarct. A lacunar infract is crescent-shaped in appearance and can be seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies after the infarction. It is caused by either atherosclerosis or arterial tunica media thickening.

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A lacunar infract is a symptom of a stroke caused by a blockage of the small arteries in the brain. These arteries branch off of larger high-pressure arteries and supply the deepest brain structures. The brain tissue is more vulnerable to damage when these arteries are blocked, so early diagnosis is crucial for minimizing damage and complications. If it is not diagnosed early, lacunar infract can be fatal.

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Small-vessel disease is the most common cause of a lacunar infract. There are different types of infarcts, which include micro atheroma involving the lenticulostriate branch and macroatheroma caused by parent artery occlusion. The causes of these small cerebral infarcts are not fully known. However, some patients may develop chronic vascular dementia and multiple episodes of lacunar infarction.

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The symptoms of a lacunar infract are often undetectable, despite the fact that they are a sign of an underlying disease. A lacunar infract can be a serious complication of a stroke, with the possibility of significant physical and cognitive disability. In some cases, a lacunar infract is a sign of chronic high blood pressure or lipohyalinosis.

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Most lacunar strokes can be classified into one of two types. One type is pure motor hemiparesis, which affects the posterior limb of the internal capsule. In this type of stroke, there are no cortical signs, but a weak or absent limb may be present. In 45% of cases, no sensory symptoms are present. Those with a pure motor hemiparesis may present with symptoms of mild dysarthria or a lack of strength in any part of the body.

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A study has demonstrated that CTP has superior sensitivity to NCCT/CTA in the detection of lacunar infracts. Researchers reviewed a total of 1085 cases in which patients with acute stroke symptoms received a CTP or MRI within 12 hours or within 7 days of their initial symptoms. A total of 1,735 infarcts were classified in patients with a stroke score of 2 cm or less, and a clinical diagnosis of a lacunar infract.